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Choose the right Legal Form - LLC or Sole Tradership?
Here are Key Facts on Polish Limited Liability Company (sp. z o.o.) and registration process:
Can I register a Polish company limited being a foreigner?
Yes. Foreigners are permitted to register a company in Poland. Foreigners may also serve on the board of directors. You do not need to be a Polish citizen or resident.
What is the minimum Share Capital:
Minimum: 5,000 PLN.
Recommended: 20 000 – 50 000 PLN. Click here to read why we do not recommend a minimum share capital.
Shares can be covered by cash or non-cash contributions however non-cash contributions are not recommended due to tax reasons.
Corporate Tax Rates (CIT):
9% for companies with income up to 2 million EUR or 19% for companies exceeding this threshold. Read more on CIT rates here and tax incentives to open business in Poland here.
How long it takes to register a Polish Company Limited?
1-7 days for online company registration or 2-6 weeks for registration of a notarial deed
How do I open a Limited Liability Company in Poland?
It can be done electronically or by a notary public. In most circumstances, an online submission to the business registry is the quickest way to setup a company. In the case of more complex business formations, such as several shareholders and special shareholder rights, I advise registering at a notary public. A company deed of an online registered corporation can also be modified by shareholders after registration by visiting a notary public.
What are the steps to open LLC in Poland?
Just a registration of a company limited in a business registry is not enough. A fully registered and operational company limited requires following steps:
- Obtaining of Polish PESEL number – requires visit at polish public office with filing of a motion for PESEL number,
- Obtaining of ePuap trusted profile – this is a government digital signature, which enables online registration of the company,
- Registration of company electronically at S24 Portal – in a typical scenario, the registration is effective within one – three working days. In some cases, we need to additionally send some explanations to the court.
- Execution of renting contract for an office space or registration address service – a simple “business address” service is usually sufficient for court and tax registration.
- Registration for tax purposes (NIP-8)
- Registration at Social Security Office (ZUS)
- Registration of beneficial ownership (dodać LINK)
- Opening of a bank account
- Payment of share capital to the bank account
- Registration for VAT purposes – optional but recommended due to the right to obtain VAT refunds.
Do I need to visit Poland to form a limited liability company?
Theoretically, it is feasible to start a company remotely, but it is practically difficult to register a bank account in Poland without visiting the country. Therefore, I strongly advise a minimum of one trip to Poland to handle both the setup procedure and the bank account.
